Information network technology developers continue to strive to improve the throughput and quality of network data lines, while reducing the cost per bit (CPB) of the network. One of these technologies is dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). DWDM is a method of creating multiple virtual fiber lines, which effectively increases the capacity of physical fiber lines. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) uses optical multiplexing to increase the bandwidth of existing fiber optic cables without adding additional cables. Optical multiplexing involves the simultaneous combination of multiple transmit and receive signals of different wavelengths. The term "dense" in DWDM means that the new WDM method uses denser channels than the previous "coarse" WDM (CWDM) technology.

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Information network technology developers continue to strive to improve the throughput and quality of network data lines, while reducing the cost per bit (CPB) of the network. One of these technologies is dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). DWDM is a method of creating multiple virtual fiber lines, which effectively increases the capacity of physical fiber lines. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) uses optical multiplexing to increase the bandwidth of existing fiber optic cables without adding additional cables. Optical multiplexing involves the simultaneous combination of multiple transmit and receive signals of different wavelengths. The term "dense" in DWDM means that the new WDM method uses denser channels than the previous "coarse" WDM (CWDM) technology.

The deployment of DWDM technology requires an optical transponder with DWDM functionality, although previously installed fiber optic cables may be reused. This usually results in a significant reduction in the cost per bit of data communication, as new cables may not be needed to substantially increase the bandwidth of the fiber optic network. The latest DWDM technology supports up to 192 frequencies (wavelengths) on a pair of optical fiber lines. With appropriate optical transceivers, each Dwdm Single Fiber Multiplexer frequency can support up to 100 gigabits per second (Gbit/s or Gbps), which will Each pair of fiber optic lines provides greater throughput.

Each DWDM unit needs a multiplexer and transmitter on one side of the fiber, and a demultiplexer and receiver on the other side of the fiber. This makes DWDM more complicated, using broadband optical amplifiers, such as erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs), rather than narrow-band optical amplifiers in its work. Otherwise, several optical amplifiers are needed to amplify each DWDM wavelength. Because every 100 kilometers of fiber optic cable usually needs an intermediate line repeater (amplifier) to compensate for the signal strength loss of long-distance fiber, the specific cost needs to be considered in advance. Of course, according to the density of the signal, DWDM is more sensitive to fiber quality than CWDM, which needs to be considered.